7 main approaches in psychology Essay

* umteen psychologists may believe that each opinion has valid explanations depending on the peculiar(prenominal) situation, and this point of view is called eclectic. This term refers to the claim that no virtuoso perspective has all the answers to the variety of human race thought and deportment. Psychologists tend to use sundry(a) perspectives in their work depending on which point of view fits best with the explanation. humanist(1950s-Present)Carl Rogers-Person-centered therapy and unconditional positive regard Abraham Maslow-Hierarchy of Needs and Self-ActualizationUnique aspects of human envisionBelief that we choose most of our behaviors and these choices are guided by physiological, worked up or spiritual needs. Humans are free, rational beings with the potential for personal growth, and they are funda kindly different from animals.Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic(1900-Present)Sigmund Freud-Personality and States of ConsciousnessCarl Jung-the most master(prenominal) and l ifelong task imposed upon any person is fulfillment with the process of individuation, achievement of harmony of conscious and unconscious, which makes a person one and whole Alfred Adler-IndividualPPsychology, a term which is sometimes misunderstood. It refers to the indivisibility of the personality in its psychological structure. Unconscious determinants of behaviorBelief that the unconscious minda pick of our mind that we do not haveconscious control everywhere or access tocontrols much of our thought and action. Unconscious motives and experiences in aboriginal childhood govern personality and mental disorders.Roger Sperry-showed that if the two hemispheres of the brain are separated by severing the corpus callosum (the large band of fibers that connects them), the send of information betwixt the hemispheres ceases, and the coexistence in the same individual of two functionally different brains can be demonstrated. George Miller-The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two Some Limits on our Capacity for Processing entropy Physiological bases of behavior in humans and animalsAn organisms work can be explained in impairment of the bodily structures and biochemical processes that be behavior. How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiencesevolutionary/Darwinian(Also called sociobiologists)(1980s-Present)David Buss-His pristine interests include the evolutionary psychology of human mating strategies conflict between the sexes prestige, status, and social reputation the emotion of jealousy homicide anti-homicide defenses and stalking. Charles Darwin-the Origin of Species in 1850.Evolutionary bases of behavior in humans and animals.Examines human thought and behavior in terms of instinctive selection. Behavior patterns have evolved to solve adaptive problems natural selection favors behaviors that enhance reproductive success.B.F. Skinner-Operant Conditioning and invented the Skinner Box do of environment on the overt beha vior of human and animals. Explain human thought and behavior in terms of conditioning and look stringently at observable behaviors and what reaction organisms get in response to particular behaviors. Belief that only observable events (stimulus response relationships) can be examine scientifically.Noam Chomsky-Theorized the critical-period for language acquisition Herbert Simon-one of the founding fathers of modern research in semisynthetic intelligence Ulric Neisser-focused on pattern recognition, visual search, brief information processing, and memory. Thoughts mental processExamine human thought and behavior in terms of how we interpret, process, and remember environmental events. The rules that we use to view the world are outstanding to understanding why we think and behave the way we do. Overall, human behavior cannot be fully understood without examining how people acquire, store, and process information.